திருமண முஹூர்த்தம்
திருமண முஹூர்த்தம்
Wedding Muhurtham
1. Major Wedding Rituals
1.1 Paalikai Niruupanam (Paalikai Nirupanam)
This is the Tamil wedding ritual commonly known as “Mulai Paari vithaithal ” (placing sprouting seeds).
Meaning of the Terms
- Paalikai: A small earthen pot used during auspicious ceremonies for sprouting nine types of grains (Navadhanyas).
- Niruupanam: Means “confirmation,” “establishment,” or “authentication.”
Description of the Ritual
During the marriage ceremony, in the presence of elders and relatives, different varieties of sprouting seeds are placed in the earthen pots.
Milk-mixed water is sprinkled over the seeds to promote sprouting.
The sprouted seedlings are later planted in the groom’s home garden.
Symbolic Significance
- Represents fertility, prosperity, and growth.
- It is believed to bless the couple with a prosperous and fertile married life.
1.2. Maangalyadhaaranam (Mangalsutra Tying Ritual)
This refers to the ritual where the groom ties the Thali (Mangalsutra) around the bride’s neck.
Meaning
- Maangalyam: Something sacred, auspicious, and blessed.
- Dhaaranam: Act of wearing or adorning.
Key Significance
This is considered the most important ritual in the entire wedding.
A specific auspicious time (Muhurtha Lagna), usually lasting 48 minutes, is strictly observed for performing this ritual.
1.3. Paanigrahanam
This is a Sanskrit term used in weddings, referring to the groom holding the bride’s hand.
Meaning
- “Pani” means hand.
- “Grahanam” means grasping or accepting.
Thus, Paanigrahanam signifies the groom holding the bride’s hand and accepting her as his life partner.
Symbolic Importance
- Represents companionship and responsibility.
- Signifies the beginning of shared duties and mutual support.
1.4. Saptapadi (Seven Steps)
After tying the Thali, the groom and bride walk seven steps around the sacred fire (Agni).
Purpose of the Ritual
The couple takes seven vows, each step representing a core commitment for married life.
Significance
Saptapadi is considered a legally and spiritually binding step in Hindu marriage.
2. How to select Marriage muhurtha?
Marriage muhurtha must satisfy three major purifications:
- Varsha Shuddhi (Annual Purity)
- Graha Shuddhi (Planetary Purity)
- Lagna Shuddhi (Ascendant Purity)
3. Varsha Shuddhi (Annual Purity)
- Bride should get married at an irataipadai ages. ( irataipadai vayathu – 22 , 24 , 26 )
- Groom must marry in odd ages. ( ottraipadai vayathu – 25 , 27 , 29 )
- Person Age is calculated from conception date, not from birth date.
- Bride should marry after 3 months from completion of odd age and before 3 months prior to next even age.
- This rules are applicable only if she marries before reaching puberty.
- If age calculation matches for both, it is called Varsha Shuddhi.
4. Tri-Pala Shuddhi / Graha Shuddhi
- For a woman, when she enters an even age, the transit Jupiter (Gochara Guru) must be in a favourable position.
- For a man, when he enters an odd age, the transit Sun (Gochara Surya) must be in a favourable position.
- At the time of marriage, the transit Moon (Gochara Chandra) must be favourable for both the bride and groom.
- Ensuring favourable positions for these three planets (Sun, Moon, Jupiter) is called Tri Bala Shuddhi (Threefold Strength Purification).
Planet-wise Transit Position Requirements
SUN – Calculated from the Janma Rasi (birth Moon sign)
- Favourable positions: 3, 6, 10, 11
- Positions needing remedies: 1, 2, 5, 7, 9
- Positions to avoid: 4, 8, 12
MOON – Calculated from the Janma Rasi (birth Moon sign)
- Favourable positions: 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11
- Positions needing remedies: 2, 5, 9
- Positions to avoid: 4, 8, 12
JUPITER – Calculated from the natal Rasi in the birth chart
- Favourable positions: 2, 5, 7, 9, 11
- Positions needing remedies: 1, 3, 6, 10
- Positions to avoid: 4, 8, 12
Varusha Shuddhi and Graha Shuddhi
Both Varusha Shuddhi (Year-Purification) and Graha Shuddhi (Planetary-Purification) must be present while fixing a marriage.
- If both are present: Extremely auspicious.
- If only Varusha Shuddhi is present: Medium result (moderately favourable).
- If both are absent: Very unfavorable (strongly advised against).
5. Lagna Shuddhi (Ascendant Purity)
- In marriage, the Muhurtha Lagna (Auspicious Ascendant) is extremely important.
It is considered the lifeline of marital life. Ensuring that this ascendant is chosen without any dosha (affliction) is called Lagna Shuddhi. - Karana is more important than Tithi.
- The weekday (Vara) is more important than the Karana.
- The star (Nakshatra) is more important than the weekday.
- The marriage ascendant (Vivaha Lagna) is more important than the Nakshatra.
- While selecting the Lagna in the Rasi chart for marriage, the Navamsa Lagna must also be selected with great care.
Important Ascendant Rules:
- Avoid Masa Shunya Lagna and Tithi Shunya Lagna.
- From both bride’s and groom’s Janma Rashi or Janma Lagna, Lagna should preferably be 3, 6, 10, or 11.
- Wedding Lagna must not be their birth Lagna or birth Rashi.
- Avoid Lagna or Navamsa falling in 4, 8, 12 from their Janma Lagna or Rashi.
- 12th → Poverty
- 8th → Danger
- Lagna may be allowed if 4th or 12th houses have strong benefic aspects, but never 8th.
- If 8th lord of Rashi or Navamsa is in marriage Lagna, it gives danger to bride.
- Exception: If Lagna lord = 8th lord.
- Guru in Leo Navamsa (Vargottama) is not auspicious.
- Marriage Lagna’s Lagna lord and Navamsa lord must not be weak; otherwise causes poverty.
6. Suitable Months for Marriage
1.Use Solar Months, Not Lunar Months
For determining auspicious marriage months, the calculation must be based on the solar calendar months (Saura Maasa), not the lunar months (Chandra Maasa).
Explanation:
Solar months align with the Sun’s transit (Sankranti to Sankranti). These months are considered more stable and reliable for major life events like marriage.
2. Conducting Marriage During Uttarayana Is Highly Auspicious
The Uttarayana period (from Thai month to Aani month) is considered very good for marriage.
However, the Masi month (during Uttarayana) should ideally be avoided.
Explanation:
- Uttarayana represents the Sun’s northward movement, symbolizing growth and positive energy.
- Traditionally, Masi is avoided due to certain astrological and religious beliefs that deem it less favorable for solemn ceremonies.
3. Guru (Jupiter) and Shukra (Venus) Should Not Be in Asta (Combustion)
During the selected marriage month, Jupiter or Venus must not be combust by the Sun.
Explanation:
- Venus is the karaka (significator) of marriage.
- Jupiter is the karaka of family, prosperity, and auspiciousness.
- When these planets are in combustion (too close to the Sun), their benefic influence weakens, making it unsuitable for marriage ceremonies.
4. Marriages During Dakshinayana
During Dakshinayana (Sun’s southward movement), the months of Aadi, Purattasi, and Margazhi should be avoided.
Marriages can be conducted in all other months of Dakshinayana.
Explanation:
- These three months fall into a spiritually sensitive period due to religious observances and planetary conditions, making them traditionally inauspicious for celebrations.
5. Highly Auspicious Marriage Months
- Chithirai
- Vaikasi
- Thai
- Masi (Note: Though Masi has restrictions, astrologically it is still considered a good month when conditions are favorable)
Explanation:
- These months generally carry strong auspicious planetary alignments and cultural significance, making them highly preferred for marriage.
6. Moderately Auspicious Months
- Aippasi
- Karthigai
Explanation:
These months are not as strong as the prime auspicious months but are still acceptable for conducting marriages when planetary timings are supportive.
Months to Be Avoided Completely
1.Aadi Month
Zodiac Sign Influence: Cancer (Kadagam)
Reason: Mars becomes debilitated (Neecham) in Cancer during this period.
Explanation:
Debilitated Mars affects stability, domestic harmony, and long-term compatibility, so Aadi is avoided.
2. Purattasi Month
Zodiac Sign Influence: Virgo (Kanni)
Reason: Venus becomes debilitated (Neecham) in Virgo.
Explanation:
Since Venus governs marriage and relationships, its debilitation makes this month unfavorable.
3. Margazhi Month
Zodiac Sign Influence: Sagittarius (Dhanusu)
Traditional Belief: This is the month associated with the Mahabharata war.
Explanation:
Due to ancient and cultural beliefs, Margazhi is reserved for spiritual activities and avoided for auspicious functions like marriage.
7. Auspicious Nakshatras
- Uttiram, Uttiradam
- Rohini, Hastham, Thiruvonam
- Mrigasīrisham
- Swathi
- Uttirattathi, Anusham
- Revathi
- Magham, Moolam
Avoid:
- First quarter of Magham and Moolam
- Last quarter of Revathi
8. Auspicious Tithis
- Prefer Shukla Paksha (waxing moon).
- Avoid : Krishna Paksha moon
- Good: Dwitiya, Tritiya, Panchami, Saptami, Dashami, Ekadasi, Dwadashi, Trayodashi
- Karthigai Pournami is highly auspicious.
- Avoid: Amavasya, Prathamai, Pournami (other months).
Rikta Tithis (Avoid)
4, 8, 9, 14
Krishna Paksha (Avoid)
Ekadasi, Dwadashi, Trayodashi, Chaturdashi, Amavasya
9. Avoid following Yogas
- Gandam ,Ati-Gandam ,Soolam,Vyaghata,Vyatipata ,Vaidhriti ,Parigha Indra.
10. Auspicious Karanas
- Bava ,Balava,Kaulava,Taitula ,Garaja ,Vanija
11. Suitable Weekdays
- Monday ,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday
Avoid:
- Tuesday, Saturday ,Sunday
- Exception: Sunday allowed if Sun has benefic aspect.
12. Auspicious Lagnas
- Taurus ,Libra, Gemini, Virgo, Cancer, Leo, Sagittarius, Aquarius
Rule:
Moon sign, Lagna, and Navamsa Lagna must not all be movable signs simultaneously.
21 Maha Doshas in Marriage
Maha Doshas are 21 significant afflictions that are strictly avoided when selecting an auspicious time for important events like marriage
- Panchanga Ashuddhi(Impurity of the five limbs): Avoiding specific inauspicious Tithis (4th, 6th, 8th, 12th, 14th, New and Full Moon days), weekdays (especially Tuesday and Saturday for certain tasks), Nakshatras (Bharani, Krittika), Yogas (Atiganda, Shoola, Ganda, Vyatipata, Vaidhruthi), and Karanas (Bhadra/Vishti).
- Surya Sankramana Dosha: Avoiding the sensitive period (about 6 hours and 24 minutes before and after) of the Sun’s ingress into a new zodiac sign.
- Kartari Dosha: When two malefic planets (e.g., Saturn, Mars, Sun, Rahu, Ketu) hem or “scissor” the Muhurtha Lagna (ascendant).
- Shashtashta Riphagata Chandra Dosha: The Moon should not be placed in the 6th, 8th, or 12th houses from the Lagna of the election chart.
- Sagraha Chandra Dosha: The Moon should not be in conjunction with any other planet, whether benefic or malefic.
- Udayasta Suddhi: Ensuring the Lagna and the 7th house are strong and free from malefic influences, which is critical for the success of the endeavor.
- Durmuhurtha: Avoiding specific inauspicious time segments (muhurthas, approximately 48 minutes each) within the diurnal or nocturnal cycle.
- Gandanthara: Avoiding the critical junction points (last two ghatisof certain Tithis/Nakshatras/Lagnas and first two ghatis of the next).
- Papashadvargas: Malefic planets should not be strong in the six divisional charts (Shadvargas) of the election chart.
- Bhrigu Shatka: The position of Venus in the 6th house is considered highly injurious, especially for marriage.
- Kujasthama/Kuja Ashtama: Mars should be avoided in the 8th house, as it indicates destruction.
- Ashtama Lagna Dosha: The Muhurtha Lagna should not be in the 8th house from the native’s birth Lagna.
- Rasi Visha Ghatika: Avoiding specific highly toxic time segments associated with certain Lagnas.
- Kunavamsa Dosha: The Lagna chosen should not occupy the Navamsa (D9 chart) of a malefic planet.
- Vaaradosha: Specific weekdays are prohibited for certain activities.
- Grahanothpatha Dosha: Avoiding constellations that have recently hosted a solar or lunar eclipse, often for a period of up to six months.
- Ekargala Dosha: An inauspicious combination (yoga) that is particularly potent during daytime, generally related to the Vishkambam Yoga.
- Krura Samyuta Dosha: The constellation occupied by the Sun, and the ones immediately preceding and succeeding it, are deemed unpropitious.
- Akalagarjitha Vrishti Dosha: Unexpected or unseasonal rainfall and thunder make the day unfit for auspicious work.
- Mahapatha Dosha: A significant “great evil” related to a specific astronomical alignment of the Sun and Moon (Vyatipata Yoga).
- Vaidhruthi Dosha: The 27th Nitya Yoga, Vaidhruthi, is an evil aspect that must be avoided for all favorable activities.
